Geometric Operations
In this section, we consider some of the common kinds of geometries that arises in applications. These include Point
, LineString
, Polygon
, GeometryCollection
, MultiPolygon
, MultiPoint
, and MultiLineString
. For brevity in the examples, we will use the prefix const AG = ArchGDAL
.
Geometry Creation
To create geometries of different types,
point = ArchGDAL.createpoint(1.0, 2.0)
linestring = ArchGDAL.createlinestring([(i,i+1) for i in 1.0:3.0])
linearring = ArchGDAL.createlinearring([(0.,0.), (0.,1.), (1.,1.)])
simplepolygon = ArchGDAL.createpolygon([(0.,0.), (0.,1.), (1.,1.)])
complexpolygon = ArchGDAL.createpolygon([[(0.,0.), (0.,j), (j,j)] for j in 1.0:-0.1:0.9])
multipoint = ArchGDAL.createlinearring([(0.,0.), (0.,1.), (1.,1.)])
multilinestring = ArchGDAL.createmultilinestring([[(i,i+1) for i in j:j+3] for j in 1.0:5.0:6.0])
multipolygon = ArchGDAL.createmultipolygon([[[(0.,0.), (0.,j), (j,j)]] for j in 1.0:-0.1:0.9])
Geometry: MULTIPOLYGON (((0 0,0 1,1 1)),((0 0,0.0 0.9,0.9 0.9)))
Alternatively, they can be assembled from their components.
point = ArchGDAL.createpoint()
ArchGDAL.addpoint!(point, 1.0, 2.0)
linestring = ArchGDAL.createlinestring()
for i in 1.0:3.0
ArchGDAL.addpoint!(linestring, i, i+1)
end
linearring = ArchGDAL.createlinearring()
for i in 1.0:3.0
ArchGDAL.addpoint!(linearring, i, i+1)
end
polygon = ArchGDAL.createpolygon()
for j in 1.0:-0.1:0.9
ring = ArchGDAL.createlinearring([(0.,0.), (0.,j), (j,j)])
ArchGDAL.addgeom!(polygon, ring)
end
multipoint = ArchGDAL.createmultipoint()
for i in 1.0:3.0
pt = ArchGDAL.createpoint(i, i+1)
ArchGDAL.addgeom!(multipoint, pt)
end
multilinestring = ArchGDAL.createmultilinestring()
for j in 1.0:5.0:6.0
line = ArchGDAL.createlinestring([(i,i+1) for i in j:j+3])
ArchGDAL.addgeom!(multilinestring, line)
end
multipolygon = ArchGDAL.createmultipolygon()
for j in 1.0:-0.1:0.9
poly = ArchGDAL.createpolygon([(0.,0.), (0.,j), (j,j)])
ArchGDAL.addgeom!(multipolygon, poly)
end
They can also be constructed from other data formats such as:
- Well-Known Binary (WKB):
ArchGDAL.fromWKB
([0x01,0x01,...,0x27,0x41])
- Well-Known Text (WKT):
ArchGDAL.fromWKT("POINT (1 2)")
- JavaScript Object Notation (JSON):
ArchGDAL.fromJSON("""{"type":"Point","coordinates":[1,2]}""")
Geometry Modification
The following methods are commonly used for retrieving elements of a geometry.
ArchGDAL.getcoorddim(geom)
: dimension of the coordinates. Returns0
for an empty pointArchGDAL.getspatialref(geom)
ArchGDAL.getx(geom, i)
ArchGDAL.gety(geom, i)
ArchGDAL.getz(geom, i)
ArchGDAL.getpoint(geom, i)
ArchGDAL.getgeom(geom, i)
The following methods are commonly used for modifying or adding to a geometry.
ArchGDAL.setcoorddim!(geom, dim)
ArchGDAL.setpointcount!(geom, n)
ArchGDAL.setpoint!(geom, i, x, y)
ArchGDAL.setpoint!(geom, i, x, y, z)
ArchGDAL.addpoint!(geom, x, y)
ArchGDAL.addpoint!(geom, x, y, z)
ArchGDAL.addgeom!(geom1, geom2)
ArchGDAL.removegeom!(geom, i)
ArchGDAL.removeallgeoms!(geom)
Unary Operations
The following is an non-exhaustive list of unary operations available for geometries.
Attributes
ArchGDAL.geomdim(geom)
:0
for points,1
for lines and2
for surfacesArchGDAL.getcoorddim(geom)
: dimension of the coordinates. Returns0
for an empty pointArchGDAL.envelope(geom)
: the bounding envelope for this geometryArchGDAL.envelope3d(geom)
: the bounding envelope for this geometryArchGDAL.wkbsize(geom)
: size (in bytes) of related binary representationArchGDAL.getgeomtype(geom)
: geometry type code (inOGRwkbGeometryType
)ArchGDAL.geomname(geom)
: WKT name for geometry typeArchGDAL.getspatialref(geom)
: spatial reference system. May beNULL
ArchGDAL.geomlength(geom)
: the length of the geometry, or0.0
for unsupported typesArchGDAL.geomarea(geom)
: the area of the geometry, or0.0
for unsupported types
Predicates
The following predicates return a Bool
.
ArchGDAL.isempty(geom)
ArchGDAL.isvalid(geom)
ArchGDAL.issimple(geom)
ArchGDAL.isring(geom)
ArchGDAL.hascurvegeom(geom, nonlinear::Bool)
Immutable Operations
The following methods do not modify geom
.
ArchGDAL.clone(geom)
: a copy of the geometry with the original spatial reference system.ArchGDAL.forceto(geom, targettype)
: force the provided geometry to the specified geometry type.ArchGDAL.simplify(geom, tol)
: Compute a simplified geometry.ArchGDAL.simplifypreservetopology(geom, tol)
: Simplify the geometry while preserving topology.ArchGDAL.delaunaytriangulation(geom, tol, onlyedges)
: a delaunay triangulation of the vertices of the geometry.ArchGDAL.boundary(geom)
: the boundary of the geometryArchGDAL.convexhull(geom)
: the convex hull of the geometry.ArchGDAL.buffer(geom, dist, quadsegs)
: a polygon containing the region within the buffer distance of the original geometry.ArchGDAL.union(geom)
: the union of the geometry using cascadingArchGDAL.pointonsurface(geom)
: Returns a point guaranteed to lie on the surface.ArchGDAL.centroid(geom)
: Compute the geometry centroid. It is not necessarily within the geometry.ArchGDAL.pointalongline(geom, distance)
: Fetch point at given distance along curve.ArchGDAL.polygonize(geom)
: Polygonizes a set of sparse edges.
Mutable Operations
The following methods modifies the first argument geom
.
ArchGDAL.setcoorddim!(geom, dim)
: sets the explicit coordinate dimension.ArchGDAL.flattento2d!(geom)
: Convert geometry to strictly 2D.ArchGDAL.closerings!(geom)
: Force rings to be closed by adding the start point to the end.ArchGDAL.transform!(geom, coordtransform)
: Apply coordinate transformation to geometry.ArchGDAL.segmentize!(geom, maxlength)
: Modify the geometry such it has no segment longer than the given distance.ArchGDAL.empty!(geom)
: Clear geometry information.
Export Formats
ArchGDAL.toWKB(geom)
ArchGDAL.toISOWKB(geom)
ArchGDAL.toWKT(geom)
ArchGDAL.toISOWKT(geom)
ArchGDAL.toGML(geom)
ArchGDAL.toKML(geom)
ArchGDAL.toJSON(geom)
Binary Operations
The following is an non-exhaustive list of binary operations available for geometries.
Predicates
The following predicates return a Bool
.
ArchGDAL.intersects(g1, g2)
ArchGDAL.equals(g1, g2)
ArchGDAL.disjoint(g1, g2)
ArchGDAL.touches(g1, g2)
ArchGDAL.crosses(g1, g2)
ArchGDAL.within(g1, g2)
ArchGDAL.contains(g1, g2)
ArchGDAL.overlaps(g1, g2)
Immutable Operations
The following methods do not mutate the input geomteries g1
and g2
.
ArchGDAL.intersection(g1, g2)
ArchGDAL.union(g1, g2)
ArchGDAL.difference(g1, g2)
ArchGDAL.symdifference(g1, g2)
Mutable Operations
The following method modifies the first argument g1
.